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Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2003) - Christmas Island (2004)
Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2003) z Christmas Island (2004)
| Micronesia, Federated States of (2003) | Christmas Island (2004) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 38.4% (male 21,163; female 20,335)
15-64 years: 58.5% (male 31,746; female 31,477) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 1,558; female 1,864) (2003 est.) |
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), betel nuts, sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens | NA |
| Airports | 7 (2002) | 1 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 6
1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
- |
| Area | total: 702 sq km
land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie) |
total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only) | about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid. | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. |
| Birth rate | 26.47 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) | NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants)
expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.) |
revenues: NA
expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA |
| Capital | Palikir | The Settlement |
| Climate | tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage | tropical with a wet and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds; wet season December to April |
| Coastline | 6,112 km | 80 km |
| Constitution | 10 May 1979 | NA |
| Country name | conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia
conventional short form: none former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) abbreviation: FSM |
conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
| Currency | US dollar (USD) | Australian dollar (AUD) |
| Death rate | 5.1 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Debt - external | $53.1 million (FY 02/03 est.) | NA |
| Dependency status | - | territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Larry M. DINGER
embassy: address NA, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186 |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU
chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam) |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001 | NA |
| Economy - overview | Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location, a lack of adequate facilities, and limited air connections hinder development. In November 2002, the country experienced a further reduction in future revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement with the US in which Micronesia received $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due not only to the reduction in US assistance but also to the slow growth of the private sector. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth. | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, projected to begin operations in mid-2004 |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 0%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
| Environment - current issues | overfishing, climate change, pollution | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
- |
| Ethnic groups | nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
| Exchange rates | the US dollar is used 1 | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.9354 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173(2000), 1.5497 (1999) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators at large for four-year terms; election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held NA May 2007); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed election results: Joseph J. URUSEMAL elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA% |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator Evan WILLIAMS (since 1 November 2003) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
| Exports | $22 million (f.o.b.) (FY 99/00 est.) | NA |
| Exports - commodities | fish, garments, bananas, black pepper | phosphate |
| Exports - partners | Japan, US, Guam (2000) | Australia, NZ |
| Fiscal year | 1 October - 30 September | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern | the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $277 million
note: $277 million $277 million GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2002 est.) |
purchasing power parity - NA |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 50%
industry: 4% services: 46% (2000 est.) |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2002 est.) | purchasing power parity - NA |
| GDP - real growth rate | 1% (2002 est.) | NA |
| Geographic coordinates | 6 55 N, 158 15 E | 10 30 S, 105 40 E |
| Geography - note | four major island groups totaling 607 islands | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean |
| Highways | total: 240 km
paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (1999 est.) |
total: 240 km
paved: 30 km unpaved: 210 km (2000) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | $149 million f.o.b. (FY 99/00 est.) | NA |
| Imports - commodities | food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages | consumer goods |
| Imports - partners | US, Australia, Japan (2000) | principally Australia |
| Independence | 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA |
| Industries | tourism, construction, fish processing, specialized aquaculture, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 32.39 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 35.65 deaths/1,000 live births female: 28.97 deaths/1,000 live births |
total: NA
male: NA female: NA (2004 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 1% (2002 est.) | NA |
| International organization participation | ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS (associate), IMF, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO | none |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court |
| Labor force | NA | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | two-thirds are government employees | NA |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 5.71%
permanent crops: 45.71% other: 48.58% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (2001) |
| Languages | English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi | English (official), Chinese, Malay |
| Legal system | based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each state to serve four-year terms; and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population to serve two-year terms)
elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2007); elections for two-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14 |
unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 3 May 2003 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 69.13 years
male: 67.39 years female: 70.95 years (2003 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2004 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.) |
NA |
| Location | Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia |
| Map references | Oceania | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | none
note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: US 1 (2002 est.) |
- |
| Military - note | Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| National holiday | Constitution Day, 10 May (1979) | Australia Day, 26 January (1788) |
| Nationality | noun: Micronesian(s)
adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese |
noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
| Natural hazards | typhoons (June to December) | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard |
| Natural resources | forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals | phosphate, beaches |
| Net migration rate | -20.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| People - note | - | The Australian Bureau of Statistics reports a population of 1508 as of the 2001 Census |
| Political parties and leaders | no formal parties | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | none |
| Population | 108,143 (July 2003 est.) | 396 (July 2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | 26.7% | NA |
| Population growth rate | 0.04% (2003 est.) | -9% (2004 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen | Flying Fish Cove |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004) |
| Railways | 0 km | - |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47% | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) |
| Sex ratio | 1.05 male(s)/female (2003 est.) | NA (2004 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | - |
| Telephone system | general assessment: adequate system
domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002) |
general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: only analog mobile telephone service is available international: country code - 61-891; satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 11,000 (2001) | NA |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | newly installed in Pohnpei and Yap | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 2 (1997) | NA |
| Terrain | islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | 3.5 children born/woman (2003 est.) | NA children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 16% (1999 est.) | NA |
| Waterways | none | - |
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